Type: External (2.0 and later) Syntax: FIND [/V][/C][/I][/N] string [d:][path]filename[…] Purpose: Finds and reports the location of a specific string of text characters in one or more files. Discussion FIND is a filter command (reads from input, transforms it, and outputs it to the screen, to a file, or to …

Type: Internal (5.0 and later) Syntax: DEVICEHIGH=[d:][\path]\filename [parameters] DEVICE [/L:region, min;region,min…] [/S] =[d:][\path]\filename DEVICE [size=hexsize] [d:][\path]\filename [parameters] Purpose: Used in the CONFIG.SYS file to load device drivers into upper memory. Discussion Before DOS can load a device driver into upper memory, there must be an upper memory block (UMB) provider …

Type: External (3.1 and later) Syntax: SUBST d: d:path SUBST d: /D Purpose: Substitutes a virtual drive letter for a path designation. Discussion Use the SUBST command to substitute a drive letter for a path in order to treat a virtual drive (a reserved area rather than an actual disk …

Type: Internal (1.0 and later) Syntax: TYPE [d:][path]filename Purpose: Displays the contents of a file. Discussion When you use the TYPE command, the file is displayed with limited on-screen formatting. Tabs are expanded and generally displayed as eight spaces wide. If you display files that contain special (non-text) characters, these …

Type: External (3.0 and later) Syntax: LABEL [d:][volume label] Purpose: Creates or changes or deletes a volume label for a disk. Discussion A volume label may consist of up to eleven characters (the same characters that are legal for a file name). If you enter an erroneous volume label, the …

Type: Internal (2.0 and later) Syntax: FILES=(number) Purpose: Used in the CONFIG.SYS file to specify the maximum number of files that can be open at the same time. Discussion You should specify a FILES= value of at least 20 to satisfy most of today’s application programs. Some programs, such as …

Type: External (4.0 and later) Syntax: DOSSHELL DOSSHELL [/B] [/G:[resolution][n]]|[/T:[resolution][n]] Purpose: Initiates the graphic shell program using the specified screen resolution. (In DOS Version 6, this program is stored on the DOS supplemental disk.) Discussion Provides a visual representation of the files and directories on disks. Using the DOS Shell, …

Type: Internal (2.0 and later) Syntax: FOR %%(variable) IN set DO (command) or for interactive processing FOR %%(variable) IN set DO (command) Purpose: Performs repeated execution of commands (for both batch processing and interactive processing). Discussion %% variable can be any character. set can be one or more file specifications. …

Type: Internal (2.0 and later) Syntax: SHELL=[d:][path]filename [parameters] Purpose: Used in the CONFIG.SYS file to specify the command interpreter that DOS should use. Discussion In most cases DOS will use the command interpreter COMMAND.COM. If you are using another command interpreter, or if DOS is not in the root directory, …

Type: External (6.0 and later) Syntax: DELTREE [/Y] [d:]path [d:]path[…] Purpose: Deletes (erases) a directory including all files and subdirectories that are in it (new with DOS Version 6). Discussion Unlike the RMDIR command, the DELTREE command allows you to delete a directory even if it contains files and subdirectories. …